Interpersonal and Intergroup Bias in Japanese and Turkish University Students

摘要: We attempted to measure the extent which personal identification with a national (cultural, ethnic) in-group would affect interpersonal and intergroup biases.Two convenience samples of Japanese (N = 119) Turkish 66) university students served as participants. The tended describe themselves “typical” rated significantly less positively respect 9 indigenous trait terms than they their in-group, did not enhance vis-a-vis composite out-group comprising Chinese, Koreans, Americans, Turks. untypical more 6 traits in-group.They outgroup Japanese, Americans. Implications for Social Identity Theory’s self-esteem hypothesis are discussed. Numerous studies have shown that North Americans self-enhance, while fail to, on contrary often self-efface (see Brown & Kobayashi, 2002; Heine, 2003; Heine Lehman 1997; Kobayashi Brown, Kurman, 2001: Muramoto, Takata, 2003 reviews). If selfenhancement serves maintain (Taylor 1988; 1994), then failure selfenhance imply either do need, or unable maintain, self-esteem, other psychological emotional mechanisms may serve same maintaining purposes. former is case, universality human need positive must be questioned. latter maintenance can its own account self-enhancement. In this it remains explained how inaccurate illusory self-perception co-exist good mental health social functioning. It has also been suggested individuals (Hornsey, 2003), generally, feelings self-worth (Brown Dutton, 1995) by incorporating elements group identities into self-evaluations Rubin Hewstone, 1998 review). A identity should contribute self-identity. evaluation, at both individual