Epidemiology of selected pig viral diseases in Bhutan

摘要: Pig production in a developing country like Bhutan is characterized by traditional small scale subsistence driven systems. As most countries, very few publications on pig diseases are available. The aim of this thesis was to generate information selected viral Bhutanese farms through seroprevalence study, genetic characterization virus strains and studying the dynamics government breeding village backyard farms. also aimed understand disease between holdings. Chapter 2 described sero-prevalence important risk factors associated with occurrence introduction these diseases. study focused Classical Swine Fever (CSF), Porcine Reproductive Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS), Circovirus type (PCV2), Aujeszky’s Disease (AD) Influenza (SI). Antibodies CSFV, SIV, subtype H1N1 (likely pandemic 2009) PCV2 were detected pigs sampled from pigs. antibodies against CSFV mainly vaccination no direct evidence infections either clinical signs or isolation. PRRSV disease, not found at all. Risk related practices swill feeding other biosecurity measures for CSF lending boars local purposes PCV2. 3 covered longitudinal elucidate role sows prevalence spread herds holdings relation within herds. results revealed differences overall seroconversions piglets raised farm farms, even though seroprevalences HEV where significantly higher In herds, all four viruses [CSFV, SIV (H1N1), HEV] high increasing towards end, showing that active circulation viruses, except took place. chapters 4, (PCV2) sequencing their nucleotides. genome tissue samples farm. Phylogenetic analysis performed set GenBank sequences belonged PCV2b genotype grouped cluster 1C. isolates as 4 highest similarity (93.7%) Indian isolate IND-SW-00-01. 5, serological Hepatitis E (HEV) documented first time observation 4. 6, evaluate efficacy oral bait vaccine assessment farmers’ knowledge motivation using vaccines conducted. indicated effective.