Minireview: lipid metabolism, metabolic diseases, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors.

摘要: Lipid and carbohydrate homeostasis in higher organisms is under the control of an integrated system that has capacity to rapidly respond metabolic changes. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear fatty acid have been implicated play important role obesity-related diseases such as hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, coronary artery disease. three PPAR subtypes, , distinct expression patterns evolved sense components different lipoproteins regulate lipid based on need a specific tissue. Recent advances identifying selective ligands conjunction with microarray analyses gene targeting studies helped delineate subtype-specific functions therapeutic potential these receptors. potentiates catabolism liver molecular target lipid-lowering fibrates (e.g. fenofibrate gemfibrozil), whereas essential for adipocyte differentiation mediates activity insulin-sensitizing thiazolidinediones rosiglitazone pioglitazone). evidence suggests may be controlling triglyceride levels by sensing very low-density lipoprotein. Thus, uncovering regulatory mechanisms transcriptional targets PPARs will continue provide insight into pathogenesis and, at same time, offer valuable information rational drug design. (Endocrinology 144: 2201–2207, 2003)