Progress in the development of high-power millimeter- and submillimeter wave gyrotrons and of free electron masers
作者： M. Thumm
DOI: 10.1007/BF01574923
关键词: Vacuum tube 、 Cyclotron 、 Thermonuclear fusion 、 Gyrotron 、 Free electron model 、 Harmonic 、 Optics 、 Physics 、 Plasma diagnostics 、 Electrical engineering 、 Electron cyclotron resonance
摘要: At present, high power gyrotron oscillators are mainly used as generators for electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) and diagnostics of magnetically confined plasmas generation energy by controlled thermonuclear fusion. 140 GHz gyrotrons with output powerP out =0.58 MW in the Gaussian free space TEM00 mode pulse length up to τ=2.0 s efficiency η=34% commercially available. High order rotating TE-modes (e.g. TE22,6 at GHz) working modes cavities these tubes. For plasma higher frequencies required. Therefore, designed operation either second harmonic frequency or fundamental special pulsed high-field solenoids.P =40 kW τ=40 μs η=4% 650 have been achieved. In case only slow step tuning is possible variation magnetic field (change operating cavity mode). Fast continuous beam acceleration voltage feasible masers (FEM). Record parameters are:P =2GW, τ=20 ns, η=13% (LLNL) andP =15 kW, μs, η=5% range from 120 900 (UCSB).
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