Optimal Frames for Polarization State Reconstruction.

摘要: Complete determination of the polarization state light requires at least four distinct projective measurements associated Stokes vector. Stability reconstruction, however, hinges on condition number κ corresponding instrument matrix. Optimization redundant measurement frames with an arbitrary analysis states, m, is considered in this Letter sense minimization κ. The minimum achievable analytically found and shown to be independent except for m=5 where unachievable. Distribution optimal states over Poincare sphere described by spherical 2 designs, including Platonic solids as special cases. Higher order properties also play a key role nonlinear, stochastic, quantum processes. Optimal schemes nonlinear measurands degree t are hence correspond 2t thereby constituting generalization concept mutually unbiased bases.