Predictive and prognostic biomarkers for targeted therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer.

摘要: The use of targeted biologic agents in combination with chemotherapy has increased the overall survival (OS) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) to 23.5 months. With assistance Kirsten-ras (KRAS) mutational status, subgroup population resistant inhibition epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) by monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) can be identified. However, only up a third KRAS wild-type subpopulation respond EGFR inhibition. Multiple factors, including relatively low response rates and high costs for agents, are driving search identify further biomarkers within EGFR/Ras/Raf/Mek/Erk PTEN/PIP3/AKT signaling pathways. Vascular endothelial (VEGF) is key player tumor angiogenesis target MoAb bevacizumab, which currently licensed mCRC. Despite numerous studies, an equivalent predictive biomarker bevacizumab not been Preclinical work indicates that insulin (IGFR) pathway stops cellular transformation regression, thus identifying this as strong potential anticancer drug development identification novel biomarkers. This review focuses on research relating roles EGF, VEGF, IGF molecules KRAS, BRAF, NRAS, PTEN, PIP3, IGF-1R, binding protein 3 discussed. Currently, used clinical practice Pending results ongoing future additional will tested, tailoring our approach therapy