Impact of Drain Effluent on Surficial Sediments in the Mediterranean Coastal Wetland: Sedimentological Characteristics and Metal Pollution Status at Lake Manzala, Egypt

摘要: Surface sediments were collected from Lake Manzala, the Mediterranean coastal wetland located to east of Nile Delta, Egypt, assess effect drain effluent on spatial variations sedimentary characteristics and heavy metal pollution. Grain-size compositions, textures, distribution patterns in are presented using GIS technique. Results analysis sediment showed a clear effluent, with an increase fine fractions homogeneous suspensions transportation mode. dominated by sandy mud mode was suspension rolling. Spatial metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb) studied lake’s surficial sediments, along their relationship contamination status ecological system. Heavy pollution assessed means accepted quality guidelines assessment methods (contamination factor, degree, modified geo-accumulation, enrichment factor). Among determined metals, Pb had most risk. Generally, surface indicated risk ranging moderate considerable, particularly, those sites facing drains inlets that highest toxic effluent. The results interpreted statistical means. A cluster defined areas discharge as separated groups. ANOVA sedimentation directed this clustering.