Emergence of Industrial Ecosystems in Post-Authoritarian Contexts

摘要: Purpose of the article: This article analyses cluster emergence in post-authoritarian countries with immature socio-economic context by adapting approach industrial clusters as ecosystems and analysing cases. Methodology/methods: Review scientific literature, case analysis. Scientific aim: presents different scenarios based on cases a Lithuanian provides solutions for countries. Findings: The analysis literature revealed following postauthoritarian contexts: 1) Large firm(s) acting anchors attracting smaller companies into cluster; 2) Cluster means to serve needs large customer outside 3) via local business entrepreneurs; 4) science representatives; 5) through historically formed regional knowledge networks; 6) Government main agent change. Lithuania four combinations planned/ unplanned non-equilibrium phenomena first explicit/inexplicit initiatives toward selforganising systems context. These highlighted importance leaders-initiators that were or simply very experienced enterprises, groups managers small medium sized mediators-communication facilitators from nonbusiness enterprises. actors helped cope planned phenomena. Conclusions: Since empirical concentrated only stage context, further research is needed take deeper look at development contexts thus evaluate aspects emphasised theoretical part article.