Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer: Bear and Leather Subcultures

作者: Francisco I. Surace , Heidi M. Levitt

DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.10259-4

关键词: MasculinityGender studiesHuman sexualityQueerCommunity organizationSubcultureMainstreamTransgenderLesbianPsychology

摘要: The lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer (LGBTQ) community often has been reduced to a homogenous group. However, multiple LGBTQ subcultures have developed across time. leathermen and bears are two that arose out of critique the mainstream gay men's masculinity. movement 1960s an aesthetic based upon masculinity portrayed in media representations bikers period, with focus leather attire along dominant submissive sexual scripts. In contrast, 1980s formed idealized naturalism, heavy set hirsute appearance nurturing practices. Both groups began by hosting invitation-only parties but became visible parts through grassroots organization using techniques civil rights movement.

参考文章(11)
Chad M. Mosher, Heidi M. Levitt, Eric Manley, Layers of leather: The identity formation of leathermen as a process of transforming meanings of masculinity. Journal of Homosexuality. ,vol. 51, pp. 93- 123 ,(2006) , 10.1300/J082V51N03_06
Eric Manley, Heidi Levitt, Chad Mosher, Understanding the bear movement in gay male culture: redefining masculinity. Journal of Homosexuality. ,vol. 53, pp. 89- 112 ,(2007) , 10.1080/00918360802103365
Howard Lune, Martin P. Levine, Peter M. Nardi, John H. Gagnon, In Changing Times: Gay Men and Lesbians Encounter HIV/AIDS Contemporary Sociology. ,vol. 27, pp. 139- ,(1998) , 10.2307/2654774
Brian L. B. Willoughby, Betty S. Lai, Nathan D. Doty, Eleanor R. Mackey, Neena M. Malik, Peer Crowd Affiliations of Adult Gay Men: Linkages With Health Risk Behaviors Psychology of Men and Masculinity. ,vol. 9, pp. 235- 247 ,(2008) , 10.1037/1524-9220.9.4.235
David A. Moskowitz, David W. Seal, Lance Rintamaki, Gerulf Rieger, HIV in the Leather Community: Rates and Risk-Related Behaviors Aids and Behavior. ,vol. 15, pp. 557- 564 ,(2011) , 10.1007/S10461-009-9636-9
Peter Hennen, Bear Bodies, Bear Masculinity Recuperation, Resistance, or Retreat? Gender & Society. ,vol. 19, pp. 25- 43 ,(2005) , 10.1177/0891243204269408