Piezoelastic response of smart functionally graded structure with integrated piezoelectric layers using discrete double directors shell element

摘要: Abstract The purpose of the paper is to predict electromechanical behavior composite shell structures with embedded piezoelectric layers using 3D-shell model based on a discrete double directors element. implementation applicable analysis isotropic and functionally graded shells integrated layers. third-order shear deformation theory introduced in present method remove correction factor improve accuracy transverse stresses. results were compared reference solutions from literature order verify formulation excellent agreement was found. A parametric study carried out highlight influence material composition curvature radius deflection axial stress along thickness.