Genetic diversity and differentiation of Fagus orientalis Lipsky in Hyrcanian forests revealed by nuclear and chloroplast microsatellite markers

摘要: Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) is a widespread monoecious and wind-pollinated tree species. It one of the major components Hyrcanian forests Iran it both ecological economical importance. Twelve stands were surveyed at 9 chloroplast (cp) 6 nuclear (n) polymorphic microsatellite loci (simple sequence repeats, SSR) to provide information on distribution genetic diversity within among populations gene conservation silvicultural management this High levels differentiation detected for genome (FST = 0.80 RST 0.95), in sharp contrast 0.06, 0.05). The analysis molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 48% total cpSSR variation was attributable differences regions 30% regions, suggesting multiple origins forests. Nuclear SSRs confirmed presence significant geographic even if, as expected, less pronounced than found with cpSSRs (based AMOVA, each contribute 5% nSSR variance). A highly correlation between (nSSRs) distances (R2 0.522) estimated, thus showing an isolation by distance effect. application spatial (SAMOVA) using marker data allowed identification genetically homogeneous groups populations. Possible applications these results certification provenances and/or seed lots designing programs are presented discussed.