Tumours of the oropharynx and oral cavity: perineural spread and bone invasion.

摘要: Clinical examination of the oral cavity and oropharynx provides essential information in assessment neoplastic lesions. A precise evaluation their deep spread along most common growth pathways can be achieved by imaging, ranging from basic, but nowadays incomplete, conventional X-ray, to sophisticated details obtained MR. Three oncological questions must faced: three dimensional primary tumour spread; nodal involvement; post-treatment survey with early detection local recurrences, during follow up. Either CT or MR accurately assesses extension neoplasms, nevertheless, cost-effective protocol is provided a combination ultrasound (staging respectively T N). technique first choice when an infiltration base tongue perineural suspected, because its superior ability detect muscular invasion segmental abnormalities cranial nerves. Bone involvement adequately showed not only focal erosions cortical rim are well demonstrated, also means demonstration bone marrow abnormalities. Moreover, plays role up, as it morphological imaging permitting differentiate recurrent necrosis scar tissue.