Anthropogenic disturbance and habitat loss for the red-listed Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus): Using ecological niche modeling and nighttime light satellite imagery

摘要: Abstract Habitat loss is a critical factor driving extinction of biodiversity worldwide, with models future land use anticipating increases in rates destruction native habitats worldwide. The Asian black bear ( Ursus thibetanus ) red-listed species broad geographic range that has been fragmented dramatically by change. Remaining populations U. occupy diverse habitats, ranging from highlands to coastal regions. We integrated ecological niche (ENMs) nighttime satellite imagery identify areas suitable for after anthropogenic alteration. found at least 10% the potential distributional area not owing urban or suburban encroachment. seems persist highland areas, characterized low temperature and high precipitation, whereas humans concentrate lowlands less-extreme climatic conditions. ENMs based solely on climate frequently overestimate available species; light offers robust alternative refining estimates species' ranges, designing protected corridors, prioritizing threatened species, determining human–wildlife conflict across areas. Our approach transferable other taxa contexts, should be considered conservation planning policy implementation.