Visualization of novel virulence activities of the Xanthomonas type III effectors AvrBs1, AvrBs3 and AvrBs4.

摘要: Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria secretes at least 20 effector proteins through the type III secretion system directly into plant cells. In this study, we uncovered virulence activities of AvrBs1, AvrBs3 and AvrBs4 using Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression corresponding genes in Nicotiana benthamiana, followed by microscopic analyses. We showed that, addition to nuclear-localized AvrBs3, which localizes cell cytoplasm, also induces a morphological change mesophyll Comparative analyses revealed that avrBs3-expressing cells contain highly active nuclei. Furthermore, expressing avrBs3 or avrBs1 show decrease starch content chloroplasts an increased number vesicles, indicating enlargement central vacuole wall. Both AvrBs1 cause ion efflux when expressed N. benthamiana. By contrast, homologue avrBs4 leads large catalase crystals peroxisomes, suggesting possible function suppression defence responses. Taken together, our data inspection can uncover subtle novel proteins.