Maximum entropy niche-based modelling of seasonal changes in little bustard (Tetrax tetrax) distribution

摘要: The effects of habitat fragmentation on species may change seasonally mainly due to variations in resource availability and biotic interactions. In critical periods, such as winter, when the importance intraspecific competition diminish, relax their environmental requirements widening ecological niche exploit scarcer trophic resources more efficiently comparison with spring. Those width implicate seasonal expansions/retractions distribution. this sense, an integrated knowledge spatial arrangement breeding wintering suitable patches is essential infer movements (migratory connectivity). This paper shows that little bustard preferences were predictable complex (controlled by a larger number factors) spring than potential distribution slightly larger. spring, variables (i.e. percentage dry crops pasturelands altitude) ruled species’ distribution; while, winter pattern was driven mixed criteria, based both climate wastelands rainfall). Suitable connected across scales i.e. landscape perceived less fragmented. overlap between areas high. fact, most predicted coincided or showed high connectedness patches. Conversely, there significant low suitability, showing areas. Spring better predictor bustard’s range vice versa, which has clear management implications (preserving sites closer ensures conservation proportion total range). example how predictive large-scale modeling procedures can contribute optimization land aimed at conservation.