Nutrition in HIV-Infected Infants and Children: Current Knowledge, Existing Challenges, and New Dietary Management Opportunities.

作者:

DOI: 10.1093/ADVANCES/NMAA163

关键词: DysbiosisIntensive care medicineMalnutritionMicronutrientPublic healthMedical nutrition therapyDietary managementSevere Acute MalnutritionDisease burdenMedicine

摘要: HIV infection and undernutrition remain significant public health concerns for infants children. In children under these conditions, is one of the leading causes death. Proper management nutrition related complications in groups with increased needs are prominent challenges, particularly HIV-prevalent poor-resource environments. Several studies support complexity relation between infection, nutrition, immune system. These elements interact create a vicious circle poor outcomes. Recent on use probiotics as novel approach to manage microbiome imbalance gut-mucosal impairment gaining attention. This new strategy could help dysbiosis by reducing activation, thereby potentially forestalling unwanted outcomes HIV. However, existing trials HIV-infected still insufficient. There also conflicting reports dosage effectiveness single or multiple micronutrient supplementation survival severe acute malnutrition. The WHO has published guidelines that include time initiation antiretroviral therapy HIV-pregnant mothers their HIV-exposed children, supplementation, dietary formulations, prevention, therapy. such need be reviewed owing recent advances field nutrition. intervention studies, practical strategies, evidence-based reduce disease burden, improve adherence treatment regimen, enhance health, well-being review provides up-to-date scientific information current knowledge challenges Moreover, it presents research findings incorporated into guidelines.

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