ON MULTILEVEL SELECTION AND KIN SELECTION: CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS MEETS DIRECT FITNESS

摘要: When Hamilton defined the concept of inclusive fitness, he specifically was looking to define fitness an individual in terms that individual's behavior, and effects its’ behavior on other related individuals. Although intuitively attractive concept, issues accounting for correctly assigning it appropriate make this approach difficult implement. The direct has been suggested as a means modeling kin selection while avoiding these issues. Whereas Hamilton's assigns focal its individuals, actors individual. Contextual analysis independently developed quantitative genetic measuring multilevel natural populations. contextual come from very different traditions, both methods rely same underlying equation, with primary difference between two approaches being uses optimization modeling, whereas analysis, equation is used solve change associated phenotype when population away optimal phenotype.