Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome

摘要: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a recently proposed cliniconeuroradiologic entity with several well-known causes, such as hypertensive encephalopathy, eclampsia, and the use of cytotoxic immunosuppressive drugs, well some causes more described. PRES characterized by neuroimaging findings vasogenic subcortical edema without infarction. The pathogenesis incompletely understood. Two opposing hypotheses are commonly cited, but issue controversial: (1) current popular theory suggests that severe hypertension exceeds limits autoregulation, leading to breakthrough brain edema; (2) earlier original leads cerebral autoregulatory vasoconstriction, ischemia, subsequent edema. clinical typically involves headache, visual symptoms, seizures. presentation often nonspecific, therefore diagnosis has come increasingly rely on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities consistent documented recovery clinically repeated neuroimaging. important therapeutic prognostic implications because reversibility radiologic contingent prompt control blood pressure and/or discontinuing offending drug.