Magnaporthe and Its Relatives

摘要: The ascomycetous family Magnaporthaceae includes plant pathogenic fungi that cause diseases on members of the Poaceae worldwide, affecting turfgrass industry and staple food crops such as rice, wheat, millet maize. economically significant root pathogen Magnaporthe poae belongs to this family. Two most damaging fungal pathogens wheat rice also belong family: intractable root-infecting fungus causal agent take-all disease, Gaeumannomyces graminis blast grisea. M. grisea has emerged a paradigm for understanding aerial attack. Interestingly, can infect roots is far more amenable transformation than G. poae. Consequently, constitutes an excellent model system dissection genetic determinants required infection underground tissues, comparative analysis distinct tissue-specific mechanisms observed during leaf colonization. Key concepts Appressorium: Infection structure formed by hypha mediates attachment penetration in tissues. This term used structures produced symbiotic roots. Clade: Phylogenetic group which comprises single common ancestor all descendants ancestor. EST (expressed sequenced tags): Short cDNA (complementary deoxyribonucleic acid) sequences, generally obtained from libraries generated under different nutrient conditions and/or tissues. Hyphopodium: Specialized at tip hyphae mediate into tissue. produce simple or lobed hyphopodia. QTL (quantitative trait locus): Region DNA associated with certain quantitative phenotypic trait. molecular identification QTLs usually enables sequencing genes are responsible trait. Keywords: root infection; take-all; rice blast; hyphopodium; fungal pathogenesis