Inherited mitochondrial genomic instability and chemical exposures.

摘要: There are approximately 1500 proteins that needed for mitochondrial structure and function, most of which encoded in the nuclear genome (Calvo et al., 2006). Each mitochondrion has its own (mtDNA), humans encodes 13 polypeptides, 22 tRNAs 2 rRNAs required oxidative phosphorylation. The vertebrates is 16.5kbp, double-stranded, circular, with few non-coding bases. Thus, maintaining mtDNA stability, is, ability cell to maintain adequate levels template phosphorylation essential can be impacted by level mutation currently within or mitochondrion, but also from errors made during normal replication, defects quality control mechanisms, exacerbated exposures exogenous and/or endogenous genotoxic agents. In this review, we expand on origins consequences instability, current state research regarding mechanisms instability overcome cellular chemical interventions, future treatments instability.