Changes in mixed deciduous forests of boreal sweden 1866-1999 based on interpretation of historical records

摘要: Current knowledge of patterns and abundance deciduous trees in thepre-industrial landscape boreal Sweden is limited. This due to a dramatictransformation the forest during last 100 years lackofrepresentative reserves. We used historical records study change infive mixed forests between 1866 1999. The results show that largechanges occurred complex interactions fire disturbance, firesuppression, logging silviculture. Before suppression, presence ofdeciduous was mainly determined by earlier influence. Laterselectivelogging disturbed natural succession favoured regeneration deciduoustrees. During 20th century were removed bygirdling, thinning herbicide spraying. Much standschanged coniferous stands 1906–15 1969–70, thendeciduous totally from these late 1960s and1999. Today occurs young on othersites than previously. Our also large andmulti-aged all sites early 1900s. Most weredominated species dominated treesoccurredonly smaller areas. These are not consistent with current viewthat deciduous-dominated occupied substantial areas Swedenbefore suppression. Appropriate changes management arediscussed,as value data interpreting forestlandscapes.