Epidemiologic Considerations in Defining Hypertension

摘要: Definitions of hypertension have historically been based on at least one three concepts. The first approach identifies thresholds the frequency occurrence in population. statistical designates a point distribution (e.g., 95th percentile), as threshold for hypertension. This method different limits depending age, sex, and race, population, all which affect average pressure. Although curves do not by themselves identify intervention, they are useful examining changes population groups over time. second to defining relates pressures risk morbidity mortality is characterized continuously graded curve with no clear categorical thresholds. Studies correlating both diastolic systolic cardiovascular complications demonstrate continuous risks from lowest highest values sexes, ages, blacks whites United States. blood pressure-risk relationship provides compelling rationale treatment but does itself define initiation therapy. third uses data clinical intervention trials where benefits therapy outweigh costs side effects long-term treatment. results large randomized clearly demonstrated reductions lowering pressures, consensus within mild range antihypertensive drug recommended has reached. Because an optimal definition must encompass approaches resultant classification scheme be sufficient purposes, attempts refine improve upon presently will undoubtedly continue.