Application of Highly Immunocompromised Mice for the Establishment of Patient-Derived Xenograft (PDX) Models.

摘要: Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models are created by engraftment of patient tumor tissues into immunocompetent mice. Since a PDX model retains the characteristics primary including gene expression profiles and drug responses, it has become most reliable in vivo human cancer model. The rate increases with introduction Non-obese diabetic Severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID)-based immunocompromised mice, especially NK-deficient NOD strains NOD/SCID/interleukin-2 receptor gamma chain(IL2Rγ)null (NOG/NSG) NOD/SCID/Jak3(Janus kinase 3)null (NOJ). Success rates differ origin: gastrointestinal tumors acquire higher rate, while is lower for breast cancers. Subcutaneous transplantation popular method to establish PDX, but some require specific environments, e.g., orthotropic or renal capsule transplantation. Human hormone treatment necessary hormone-dependent cancers such as prostate mice hematopoietic immune systems (humanized PDX) powerful tools analysis tumor–immune system interaction evaluation immunotherapy response. A biobank equipped patients’ clinical data, gene-expression patterns, mutational statuses, tissue architects, responsiveness will be an authoritative resource developing biomarkers chemotherapeutic predictions, creating individualized therapy, establishing precise medicine.