Applications of Additional Techniques to Melanocytic Pathology

摘要: Within the last 10 years, it has become evident that traditional histologic classification of melanoma based upon cellular and architectural phenotypes (e.g., acral, superficial spreading, lentigo maligna) correlates with distinct, recurring genetic alterations. Thus, maligna, typically located in areas chronic sun exposure, shows abnormalities distinct from those seen spreading melanomas, which commonly occur on trunk, thus have a lesser degree exposure. Molecular techniques such as fluorescent situ hybridization (FISH), comparative genomic (CGH), DNA sequencing methodologies can detect differences. As an example, CGH indicates more than 95 % melanomas show chromosomal copy number aberrations many 80 cutaneous mutations BRAF, NRAS, or KIT. This chapter will review common role these diagnosis, prognosis, treatment melanoma.