Avian population dynamics and human induced change in an urban environment

摘要: The predominantly urban boroughs of Warrington and Halton straddle the river Mersey in northwest England. Since 1970s there has been a major change land-use associated with both innovative town design decline manufacturing chemical industries boroughs. Also, co-ordinated programmes have directly addressed air water pollution. breeding birds two were surveyed 1978–84 2004–06 as part bird atlases Cheshire Wirral, based on tetrads (2 × 2 km squares). We divided species into eight guilds broad ecological characteristics habitat or food, omitting generalists colonial species, compared between our number occupied rest county. Four fared significantly better within study area: waterbirds (24 species), those feeding invertebrates (16 woodland specialists (21 species) that decorate their nests lichens. remaining four showed no difference Wirral: raptors (5 increased throughout, while waders (7 farmland seedeaters aerial insectivores declined throughout. interpret these results relation to improved quality changing patterns greenspace, especially an increase cover connectivity.