Non-muscle myosin II in disease: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities

摘要: The actin motor protein non-muscle myosin II (NMII) acts as a master regulator of cell morphology, with role in several essential cellular processes, including migration and post-synaptic dendritic spine plasticity neurons. NMII also generates forces that alter biochemical signaling, by driving changes interactions between actin-associated proteins can ultimately regulate gene transcription. In addition to its roles normal physiology, has recently emerged critical diverse, genetically complex diseases, neuronal disorders, cancers vascular disease. the context these regulatory pathways be directly mutated or indirectly altered disease-causing mutations. pathway genes are increasingly found disease-associated copy-number variants, particularly disorders such autism schizophrenia. Furthermore, manipulation NMII-mediated contractility regulates stem pluripotency differentiation, thus highlighting key NMII-based pharmaceuticals clinical success therapies. this Review, we discuss emerging activity regulation kinases microRNAs pathogenesis prognosis diverse range cancer We address promising applications limitations inhibitors treatment diseases development stem-cell-based