A review of recent incentive contrast studies involving discrete-trial procedures

摘要: The literature on incentive contrast effects since 1968 is reviewed with regard to variables related the occurrence and magnitude of positive negative contrast. effect, although attenuated or obliterated by certain manipulations, occurs consistently a variety training procedures. Several studies suggest that effect occurs, albeit transiently, successive upshifts under delayed reinforcement, but other procedures it has seldom been obtained, ceiling hypothesis account for its absence appears incorrect. An excitatory-inhibitory model accounts both simultaneous phenomena, seems this might be extended explain reinforcement.