Evolution of antipsychotic intervention in the schizophrenic psychosis.

摘要: The accidental discovery (in the 1950s) and subsequent development of antipsychotic drugs have revolutionized care many patients with schizophrenic psychoses. first-generation antipsychotics, though effective for hallucinations, delusions, as well a treatment disorder in two-thirds schizophrenia, burdened extrapyramidal effects (EPS), including dystonias, akathisia, pseudo-Parkinsonian morbidity. Moreover, they had little or no effect on most disabling, core symptoms associated withdrawal interests interpersonal relationships. second-generation which began to appear late 1980s introduction clozapine, strikingly less morbidity, contributing EPS providing at least modest promise reduction negative enhancement some aspects cognition. However, antipsychotics induced considerable weight gain, lower threshold metabolic syndrome, increases cardio-vascular actual mechanism(s) action is still dispute. Direct indirect dopamine transmission been supported by much evidence. blockade hyperactivity partial restoration deficient has standard explanation their effects. dysfunctional intracellular signal transduction dysfunction myelin are emerging competing pathologies upon act. It likely that next generation will act more directly specifically such underlying neuropathology.