Spectrophotometric determination of paracetamol in urine with tetrahydroxycalix[4]arene as a coupling reagent and preconcentration with triton X-114 using cloud point extraction.

摘要: In the present paper, conventional spectrophotometry in conjunction with cloud point extraction-preconcentration were investigated as alternative methods for paracetamol (PCT) assay urine samples. Cloud extraction (CPE) was employed preconcentration of p-aminophenol (PAP) prior to spectrophotometric determination using non-ionic surfactant Triton X-114 (TX-114) an extractant. The developed based on acidic hydrolysis PCT PAP, which reacted at room temperature 25,26,27,28-tetrahydroxycalix[4]arene (CAL4) presence oxidant (KIO(4)) form blue colored product. PAP-CAL4 dye formed subsequently entrapped micelles X-114. phase separation aid induced by addition Na(2)SO(4) solution performed advantage over other CPE assays requiring elevated temperatures. 580 nm-absorbance maximum product shifted bathochromically 590 nm CPE. working range 1.5-12 microg ml(-1) achieved reduced down 0.14-1.5 extraction, lower than those most literature flow-through that also suffer from nonspecific absorption UV region. By preconcentrating 10 ml sample solution, a detection limit low 40.0 ng obtained after single-step achieving factor 10. stoichiometric composition found be 1 : 4 (PAP CAL4). impact number parameters such concentrations CAL4, KIO(4), X-100 (TX-100), and TX-114, temperature, time periods incubation centrifugation, volume detail. PAP micellar systems under these conditions is limited. established procedures successfully adopted Since drug rapidly absorbed excreted largely its high doses have been associated lethal hepatic necrosis renal failure, development rapid, sensitive selective vital importance fast urinary screening antidote administration before applying more sophisticated, but costly laborious hyphenated instrumental techniques HPLC-SPE-NMR-MS.