NanoBio™ Nanoemulsion for Mucosal Vaccine Delivery

摘要: Nanoemulsions (NEs) are high-energy oil-in-water emulsions smaller than 1,000 nm that disrupt the outer lipid membrane of pathogenic microbes [1–4]. Building on studies demonstrated potential NE to prevent influenza infection [5], it was recognized inactivated virus generated greater immune responses formalin when administered intranasally [6]. Subsequent have this material acts as a mucosal adjuvant with numerous antigens including recombinant anthrax protective antigen (PA) [7], killed-vaccinia [8], human immunodeficiency (HIV) gp120 [9], hepatitis B surface (HBsAg) [10], and purified Burkholderia cenocepacia protein (OMP) [11]. In addition, surfactant in is locked at interface between oil droplets water does not appear denature proteins. This confers thermostability [10, 12–14] potentially allows for elimination cold chain required all currently available vaccines [15]. The mechanisms by which adjuvants enhance response starting be elucidated include improved delivery well innate activation [16]. via both enhances uptake dendritic cells (DCs) activating Toll like receptors (TLR) 2 4; humoral cell-mediated Th1 Th17 [17]. Importantly, activity occurs without damaging epithelium [10] has been safe tolerated early phase clinical trials (Stanberry, submitted). review, we will delineate physical chemical properties, activity, preclinical studies, experience regarding adjuvants.