Genetic polymorphisms: impact on the risk of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.

摘要: Clinical reports on monozygotic and dizygotic twins provided the initial evidence for involvement of genetic factors in risk vulnerability fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) including syndrome (FAS). Research with selectively bred inbred rodents, crosses these lines strains, embryo culture studies have further clarified role both maternal genetics development FASD. to identify specific polymorphisms contributing FASD is still at an early stage. To date, only one genes dehydrogenase enzyme family, ADH1B, been demonstrated contribute vulnerability. In comparison ADH1B*1, ADH1B*2 shown reduce FAS a mixed ancestry South African population. ADH1B*3 appears afford protection outcomes African-American populations. Other candidate should be examined respect risk, those enzymes serotonin metabolism, particular transporter. By its very nature, teratogenesis expression interaction environment. The study falls within new field ecogenetics. Understanding array will enhanced by future investigations, case-control, family association, linkage studies.