Monkeys of the Taï Forest: How small-scale differences in food competition lead to different social systems in three closely related sympatric colobines

摘要: Introduction As an essential aspect of life, food can evoke strong competition among individuals and shape a species' social system. Through pathway relationships we link the competitive regime that evokes in population to such seemingly loosely related traits as within between groups, ranging patterns dispersal patterns. Food most strongly determines female many mammals because reproductive success is mainly constrained by acquisition. Male success, on other hand, largely depends access mating partners (Trivers 1972, Emlen & Oring 1977). The females be predicted based contestability or usurpability their (Wrangham 1980, van Schaik Hooff 1983, 1989, 1996, Isbell 1991, Sterck et al . 1997). In primates, increases with group size (Clutton-Brock Harvey 1977, Wrangham 1993). However, folivores do not always fit into general found studies Janson Goldsmith 1995). A comparative test effect diet systems folivorous genus solve some these controversies. Since dietary category only proxy for whole suite together need look at each investigate differences specialization.