Sexual segregation in kudu : sex differences in competitive ability, predation risk or nutritional needs?
作者： J.T. Du Toit
DOI:
关键词: Wet season 、 Biology 、 Population 、 Ecology 、 Guild 、 Tragelaphus strepsiceros 、 Dry season 、 Competition (biology) 、 Predation 、 National park
摘要: Seasonal patterns of social organization and habitat use were studied in the kudu Tragelaphus strepsiceros population central Kruger National Park. The was monitored continuously over three years with radio telemetry regular road counts. Habitat by cows bulls differed significantly during wet dry seasons. Bulls maintained a strong preference for riverine / watercourse throughout year. Cows distributed across savanna an ecotone between hills season. In season they increased their habitat, which is forage reserve browsing guild. greatest potential intersexual competition would thus be expected season, but fact this when least segregated. Therefore sexual segregation cannot explained competition. Alternative hypotheses entail (i) sex differences nutritional needs (ii) predation avoidance behaviour that differs cow groups bull groups.
参考文章(22)
U. De V. Pienaar, The large mammals of the Kruger National Park - Their distribution and present-day status Koedoe. ,vol. 6, pp. 1- 37 ,(1963) , 10.4102/KOEDOE.V6I1.810
U. De V. Pienaar, Predator-prey relationships amongst the larger mammals of the Kruger National Park Koedoe. ,vol. 12, pp. 108- 176 ,(1969) , 10.4102/KOEDOE.V12I1.753
J. R. HENSCHEL, J. D. SKINNER, The diet of the spotted hyaenas Crocuta crocuta in Kruger National Park African Journal of Ecology. ,vol. 28, pp. 69- 82 ,(1990) , 10.1111/J.1365-2028.1990.TB01138.X
Johan T. du Toit, Norman Owen-Smith, Body Size, Population Metabolism, and Habitat Specialization Among Large African Herbivores The American Naturalist. ,vol. 133, pp. 736- 740 ,(1989) , 10.1086/284949
Vivian J. Wilson, OBSERVATIONS ON THE GREATER KUDU TRAGELAPHUS STREPSICEROS PALLAS FROM A TSETSE CONTROL HUNTING SCHEME IN NORTHERN RHODESIA African Journal of Ecology. ,vol. 3, pp. 27- 37 ,(1965) , 10.1111/J.1365-2028.1965.TB00735.X
Norman Owen-Smith, Spatial and temporal components of the mating systems of kudu bulls and red deer stags Animal Behaviour. ,vol. 32, pp. 321- 332 ,(1984) , 10.1016/S0003-3472(84)80264-X
Norman Owen-Smith, Age, size, dominance and reproduction among male kudus: mating enhancement by attrition of rivals Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. ,vol. 32, pp. 177- 184 ,(1993) , 10.1007/BF00173775
Norman Owen-smith, Demography of a large herbivore, the greater kudu Tragelaphus strepsiceros, in relation to rainfall Journal of Animal Ecology. ,vol. 59, pp. 893- 913 ,(1990) , 10.2307/5021
Joan Edwards, Diet shifts in moose due to predator avoidance. Oecologia. ,vol. 60, pp. 185- 189 ,(1983) , 10.1007/BF00379520
T. H. CLUTTON-BROCK, G. R. IASON, F. E. GUINNESS, Sexual segregation and density-related changes in habitat use in male and female Red deer (Cerrus elaphus) Journal of Zoology. ,vol. 211, pp. 275- 289 ,(1987) , 10.1111/J.1469-7998.1987.TB01534.X