Analysis of 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in urine samples by hollow fiber-liquid phase microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in consideration of measurement uncertainty

摘要: Marijuana abuse can be detected by means of toxicological analysis the most important metabolite 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) in urine samples. The aim this study is establishment detailed procedure for THC-COOH combination hollow fiber-liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). conditions hydrolysis extraction were optimized. method was shown to very simple rapid, a low amount organic solvent necessary extraction. limit detection 1.5 ng/ml. calibration curves linear over specified range (2.0–170 ng/ml; r 2  > 0.99). main sources uncertainty found analyte concentration, accuracy, precision sample volume. effect concentration on overall combined significant. developed successfully applied human standard reference material at two levels concentration. obtained relative 8 %, which considered acceptable according international guidelines. present seems useful clinical forensic toxicology, because its simplicity, rapidness inexpensiveness.