Arctic Sea Ice and Its Role in Climate Variability and Change
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-04439-1_17
关键词: Climatology 、 Cryosphere 、 Arctic ice pack 、 Arctic dipole anomaly 、 Environmental science 、 Arctic geoengineering 、 Sea ice 、 Arctic sea ice decline 、 Arctic ecology 、 Arctic
摘要: The presence of the Arctic sea ice cover has a profound influence on polar climate in Northern Hemisphere (e.g., see Walsh, 1983; Parkinson et al., 1987). First, reflects large fraction incident solar radiation because larger albedo than that open water. Secondly, acts as an insulating barrier over relatively warm ocean and thus reduces ocean-to-atmosphere heat exchanges, especially during winter when air is very cold. Without cover, surface temperature would be about 10–15 degrees C warmer today’s annual average this region. Such region believed to have last occurred mid-Cretaceous, 100 Myr ago. Thirdly, strongly affects momentum mass transfers from atmosphere ocean.
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