Computer Simulation of Plasmas

摘要: A plasma consists of charged particles moving relatively freely, but interacting through the electric and magnetic fields produced by each particle. It is well known that all except a very small (but nevertheless important) fraction detectable universe plasma. Most physics can be expressed in terms five fairly straightforward equations, four Maxwell equations for electromagnetism equation motion electromagnetic fields. Why then such mathematically difficult subject why numerical simulation so important? The most basic reason any experimental contains large number particles, 1018–1020 typical fusion experiment. Moreover, plasmas have tendancy to act independently other. In conventional hydrodynamics, numbers described few simple as their temperature, density mean velocity. Sometimes we do this with even more include current charge density, along More usually, are not simply described. Plasmas usually Maxwellian think distribution functions phase space. Whenever can, model non—Maxwellian nature transport models, e.g. heat flow, specialised skill itself. When one considers hydrodynamics complex involves advanced simulation, it hardly surprising plays an important role physics.