Intracellular fate mapping in a basal metazoan, the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi, reveals the origins of mesoderm and the existence of indeterminate cell lineages.

作者: Mark Q Martindale , Jonathan Q Henry , None

DOI: 10.1006/DBIO.1999.9427

关键词: BiologyBlastomereEmbryoMesodermEvolutionary biologyAnatomyBilateriaEndodermCell divisionFate mappingBody plan

摘要: Ctenophores are marine invertebrates that develop rapidly and directly into juvenile adults. They likely to be the simplest metazoans possessing definitive muscle cells possibly sister group Bilateria. All ctenophore embryos display a highly stereotyped, phylum-specific pattern of development in which every cell can identified by its lineage history. We generated fate map for Mnemiopsis leidyi injecting fluorescent tracers individual blastomeres up through 60-cell stage. The adult body plan is composed four nearly identical quadrants organized along oral-aboral axis. Each derived largely from one four-cell-stage embryo. At eight-cell stage each quadrant contains single E ("end") M ("middle") blastomere. Subsequently, micromeres formed first at aboral pole later oral pole. ctene rows, apical organ, tentacle apparatus complex structures both blastomere lineages all quadrants. born endomesodermal precursors (2M 3E macromeres). While similar, diagonally opposed share more similarities than adjacent Adult ctenophores possess two endodermal anal canals open base organ. These 2M/ macromeres. opposing macromeres unique set circumpharyngeal cells, but do not contribute canals. No other displayed such diagonal asymmetries. Clones yielded regular, completely invariant patterns descendents. Ectodermal descendents normally, always, remained within their corresponding On hand, mesodermal progeny dispersed throughout body. variability exact complements structures, with previously published deletion experiments, demonstrates interactions required normal determination. Ctenophore embryos, like those many bilaterian phyla (e.g., spiralians, nematodes, echinoids), stereotyped cleavage program some, all, determined time birth. results suggest tissues originally evolved endoderm tissue.

参考文章(36)
Mari-Luz Hernandez-Nicaise, Le Système Nerveux des Cténaires Cell and Tissue Research. ,vol. 137, pp. 223- 250 ,(1973) , 10.1007/BF00307432
Viktor Schwartz, Vergleichende Entwicklungsgeschichte der Tiere Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag. ,(1973)
Frederick W. Harrison, Microscopic anatomy of invertebrates Wiley-Liss. ,(1991)
Hiroki Nishida, Noriyuki Satoh, Cell lineage analysis in ascidian embryos by intracellular injection of a tracer enzyme Developmental Biology. ,vol. 99, pp. 382- 394 ,(1983) , 10.1016/0012-1606(83)90288-9
Wim J.A.G Dictus, Peter Damen, Cell-lineage and clonal-contribution map of the trochophore larva of Patella vulgata (mollusca). Mechanisms of Development. ,vol. 62, pp. 213- 226 ,(1997) , 10.1016/S0925-4773(97)00666-7
Paul W. Sternberg, Ralf J. Sommer, Lynn K. Carta, The evolution of cell lineage in nematodes. Development. ,vol. 1994, pp. 85- 95 ,(1994)
Jonathan Q Henry, Mark Q Martindale, Barbara C Boyer, None, The Unique Developmental Program of the Acoel Flatworm, Neochildia fusca Developmental Biology. ,vol. 220, pp. 285- 295 ,(2000) , 10.1006/DBIO.2000.9628
J.E. Sulston, E. Schierenberg, J.G. White, J.N. Thomson, The embryonic cell lineage of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans Developmental Biology. ,vol. 100, pp. 64- 119 ,(1983) , 10.1016/0012-1606(83)90201-4