On herding behavior

摘要: Abstract Herding behavior in ungulates is executed mainly by males. There are several forms of herding: guarding a single estrous female; rounding up bunch females during the rutting season; territorial herding which male keeps inside his territory; moving, permanent, harem group; social group members both sexes herded one dominant male. When put into this sequence, phenotypical trend illustrated, leading from an intimate connection with mating toward increasing independence sexual and culminating complete socialization herding. Aspects problems recognition of, animal's respect for, partners gregarious species; animal “taking offense” at activities others deviate its own activity; active coordination synchronization activities; use effects threat, dominance courtship displays herding; possibility substitution among expressive relation to different sex; communicative function orientation relative partner; hierarchy leadership interspecific herding, particularly man-animal relationships, closely linked process domestication.