Quantifying pesticide overuse from farmer and societal points of view: An application to Thailand

摘要: Abstract The rapid growth in pesticide use is a significant problem for Thailand, as it many other developing countries with an intensifying agriculture. objective of this study was to quantify how much the total quantity pesticides overused. novelty research resides fact that considered social rather than private optimum by including negative externalities determining levels overuse. Marginal benefits are quantified estimating Cobb–Douglas production functions exponential damage control specification. marginal costs calculated sum and external latter using Pesticide Environmental Accounting (PEA) tool. method applied farm- plot-level data from one intensive upland vegetable system northern Thailand. findings show about 80% used excess optimum, while difference between level overuse small particular case study. Therefore results area suggest internalizing into price would only have effect on reducing