Land-sparing agriculture sustains higher levels of avian functional diversity than land sharing.

摘要: The ecological impacts of meeting rising demands for food production can potentially be mitigated by two competing land-use strategies: off-setting natural habitats through intensification existing farmland (land sparing), or elevating biodiversity within the agricultural matrix via integration 'wildlife-friendly' habitat features sharing). However, a key unanswered question is whether sparing sharing farming would best conserve functional diversity, which promote ecosystem stability and resilience to future change. Focusing on bird communities in tropical cloud forests Colombian Andes, we test performance each strategy conserving diversity. We show that multiple components avian diversity are positively related proximity extent forest. Using landscape community simulations, also land-sparing agriculture conserves greater predicts higher abundance species supplying functions than land sharing, with becoming progressively inferior increasing isolation from remnant These results suggest low-intensity likely little unless large blocks adjacent protected, consistent sparing. To ensure retention functionally diverse ecosystems, urgently need implement mechanisms productivity whilst protecting spared land. This article protected copyright. All rights reserved.