Tobacco abstinence, smoking cues, and the reinforcing value of smoking

摘要: Abstract One definition of the reinforcing value a drug is degree to which an organism will work obtain it. Male and female smokers (n = 8 each) engaged in task involving concurrent schedules reinforcement for responding receive cigarette puffs versus money on four occasions, following overnight abstinence no presense lit (smoking “cue”) or with (2×2 design). Reinforcement schedule ranged from variable ratio 4 (VR4) VR32, order during first five trials (VR4 first, VR32 first) counterbalanced repeated reverse sequence second trials. Schedule remained at VR4 all Results indicated significantly greater after presence smoking cue, although effect cue was specific “leaner” VR (VR16, VR32). Unexpectedly, not only significant determinant responding, but these (i.e. vs. produced overall difference puffs, especially cue. There between males females. These findings indicate that increased by abstinence, under lean conditions, are presented.