What has happened since the First World Congress on Pediatric Pain in 1988? The past, the present and the future.

摘要: The present article summarizes the development within field of pediatric pain during last 30 years, with a special focus on postoperative pain. Insights concerning ontogeny, how influences neuro-endocrine stress response and induction "pain memory" is discussed as well established new options regards to treatment Lastly, some aspects future this discussed. It now well-established that even unborn fetus reacts behavioral responses indicative also capable producing if subjected painful stimulus. These can successfully be treated by opioid administration. babies proportional magnitude surgical procedure various ways provide better relief undergoing major surgery has been shown reduce morbidity mortality. A wide variety different exist treat both in infants older children. use regional anesthetic techniques should used whenever possible combined appropriate systemic options, thereby multi-modal analgesia. However, concepts drugs are unfortunately few and, thus, progress often lies using more efficient ways. concept Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) provides framework where high-quality essence for best outcome after minor surgery.