Jamming and static stress transmission in granular materials.

摘要: We have recently developed some simple continuum models of static granular media which display “fragile” behavior: They predict that the medium is unable to support certain types infinitesimal load (which we call “incompatible” loads) without plastic rearrangement. argue a fragile description may be appropriate when mechanical integrity arises adaptively, in response load, through an internal jamming process. hypothesize network force chains (or “granular skeleton”) evolves until it can just applied at point comes rest; then remains intact so long as no incompatible applied. Our exhibits unusual responses involving hyperbolic equations for stress propagation along fixed characteristics material. These represent chains; their arrangement expressly depends on construction history. Thus, example, large difference pattern beneath two conical piles sand, one poured from source and created by sieving.