Behavioral Causes, Ecological Consequences, and Management Challenges Associated with Wildlife Foraging in Human-Modified Landscapes.

摘要: Humans have altered up to half of the world's land surface. Wildlife living within or close these human-modified landscapes are presented with opportunities and risks associated feeding on human-derived foods (e.g., agricultural crops food waste). Understanding whether how wildlife adapts is a major challenge, thousands studies published topic over past 10 years. In present article, we build established theoretical frameworks understand behavioral causes crop urban foraging by wildlife. We then develop extend this framework describe multifaceted ecological consequences for individuals populations in which they arise, emphasis social species interactions people are, balance, negative (commonly referred as raiding species). Finally, discuss management challenges faced rural managers, businesses, government organizations mitigating human-wildlife conflicts propose ways improve lives both humans promote coexistence.