Glioblastoma cancer stem cells: heterogeneity, microenvironment and related therapeutic strategies

摘要: Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is an incurable malignancy. GBM patients have a short life expectancy despite aggressive therapeutic approaches based on surgical resection followed by adjuvant radiotherapy and concomitant chemotherapy. growth characterized high motility of tumour cells, their resistance to both chemo/radio-therapy, apoptosis inhibition leading failure conventional therapy. Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs), identified in as well many other cancer types, express the membrane antigen prominin-1 (namely CD133). These cells normal Neural (NSC) share surface markers properties, i.e. are able self-renew differentiate into multiple cell types. self-renewal depends microenvironmental cues, including Extracellular Matrix (ECM) composition Therefore, role microenvironment needs be evaluated clarify its importance initiation progression through CSCs. The specific CSCs was found mimic part vascular niche stem cells. targeting GMB may represent powerful treatment approach. Lastly, cancer-initiating contribute profound immune suppression that turn correlated with STAT3 (CD133 + ). Further studies needed better understand origin GMB/GBM immunosuppressive properties.