The theory of sunspots
作者： John H. Thomas , Nigel O. Weiss
DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-2769-1_1
关键词: Geophysics 、 Field (geography) 、 Physics 、 Astronomy 、 Magnetohydrodynamics 、 Critical discussion 、 Flux tube 、 Photosphere 、 Structure (mathematical logic) 、 Sunspot 、 Solar physics
摘要: This review covers the present state of our theoretical understanding physics sunspots, along with principal observational results that need to be explained. The topics covered range from detailed structure an individual sunspot broad connection between sunspots and global solar magnetic field cycle. Our aim is give a critical discussion ideas models without presenting mathematical details. After outlining historical development basic concepts associated magnetohydrodynamic theory we discuss recent treatments their properties structure, placing special emphasis on developments have occurred within last ten years. There been remarkable improvements in modelling led by new more elaborate realistic numerical simulations. At same time, observations raised questions or caused old ones reconsidered. In particular, measurements oscillations around opened up seismology, while high-resolution forced us rethink penumbra.
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