Breakers and blockers—miRNAs at work
作者： E. Izaurralde
关键词: Translation (biology) 、 Argonaute 、 Function (biology) 、 Protein biosynthesis 、 Gene silencing 、 Cell biology 、 Biology 、 Human genome 、 microRNA 、 Mechanism (biology) 、 Bioinformatics
摘要: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, ~22-nucleotide-long noncoding RNAs. They silence the expression of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) containing complementary sequences ( 1 ). The human genome encodes ~1500 miRNAs, each with potential to bind hundreds different mRNAs miRNAs regulate many biological processes, and dysregulation their is linked various diseases, including cancer To exert repressive function, associate Argonaute family proteins (AGOs) form core miRNA-induced silencing complexes (miRISCs) ) (see figure). In animals, miRISCs mRNA at two levels, by preventing protein production (translation) inducing degradation. Over past decade, progress has been made in our understanding mechanism which induce degradation, but question how repress translation remains elusive.
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