Azadirachtin interferes with basal immunity and microbial homeostasis in the Rhodnius prolixus midgut.

摘要: Rhodnius prolixus is an insect vector of two flagellate parasites, Trypanosoma rangeli and cruzi, the latter being causative agent Chagas disease in Latin America. The R. neuroendocrine system regulates synthesis steroid hormone ecdysone, which essential for not only development molting but also immunity. Knowledge how this modulates midgut immune responses understanding interactions between vector, its parasites symbiotic microbes. In present work, we evaluated effects ecdysone inhibition on humoral immunity homeostasis with microbiota, using triterpenoid natural product, azadirachtin. Our results demonstrated that azadirachtin promoted a fast lasting inhibitory effect expression both RpRelish, nuclear factor kappa B transcription (NF-kB) component IMD pathway, several antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes. On other hand, RpDorsal, encoding equivalent NF-kB Toll defC AMP gene were upregulated later treated insects. treatment impacted proliferation Serratia marcescens, abundant commensal bacterium. simultaneous administration blood meals counteracted RpRelish AMPs These support direct involvement regulation pathway gut.