Intergenerational Class Mobility in Three Western European Societies: England, France and Sweden

摘要: The starting point of almost all recent discussions comparative (i.e. cross-national) social mobility rates has been the thesis advanced by Lipset and Zetterberg in 1959 that 'the overall pattern appears to be much same industrial societies various Western countries'. ' Although recognized data on which this rested were often a doubtful quality, they none less maintained reservations cautions are order do not invalidate finding, number other researchers area, such as Pitirim Sorokin, Robert Havighurst, Natalie Rogoff, David Glass, Colin Clark, also agree is warranted....'2 Subsequent commentators have fact good deal sanguine about possibility deriving reliable conclusions from results national inquiries available Zetterberg.3 But perhaps still greater import several criticisms levelled against their primarily conceptual grounds. Four may noted. (i) operate for most part (out necessity) with simple two-class model, based distinction between manual non-manual occupational groupings; but crossnational similarities discern (intergenerational) these two groupings well disappear when crude basis comparison adopted.4 (ii) On grounds concerned within society, restrict attention occurring non-agricultural sectors countries cover; limitation artificial unduly favourable since differ considerably size agricultural sectors, at contracting. Important cross-national differences thus expected occupations.5 (iii) regard relating 'vertical'