Flying under the radar: The non-canonical biochemistry and molecular biology of petrobactin from Bacillus anthracis

摘要: The dramatic, rapid growth of Bacillus anthracis that occurs during systemic anthrax implies a crucial requirement for the efficient acquisition iron. While recent advances in our understanding B. iron systems indicate use strategies similar to other pathogens, this review focuses on unique features major siderophore system, petrobactin. Ways petrobactin differs from siderophores include: A. ferric binding moieties allow evade host immune proteins; biosynthetic operon encodes enzymes both biosynthesis classes; C. redundancy membrane transport Fe-petrobactin holo-complexes; and, D. regulation appears be controlled predominately by sensing host-like environmental signals temperature, CO2 levels and oxidative stress, as opposed canonical intracellular levels. We argue these differences contribute meaningful ways pathogenesis. This will also outline current gaps some projected means exploiting knowledge, potential future research directions. article is protected copyright. All rights reserved.